
		Evaluation of Smoke-free Legislation
		Smoking Cessation
		Inequalities
		Statistics
		Prevention

Statistics

There are various sources of statistics that are relevant to tobacco control in Scotland and this guide identifies some of the statistics in key areas. This guide was updated in August 2008.

Smoking Prevalence
      Young people
      Pregnant women
      Socioeconomic status
      Health Board
      Local Authority

Quit rates

Deaths from smoking-related diseases
      Respiratory diseases
      Lung cancer
      Ischaemic heart disease

Measuring success of Scottish legislation
      Public opinion
      Compliance rates

Economic issues
      Consumer spending
      Tobacco taxes
      Fires

Smoking prevalence

Smoking prevalence rates for adults in Scotland is provided by both the Scottish Health Survey and the Scottish Household Survey. As the Scottish Household Survey is conducted annually it tends to be the source that most people use for up-to-date prevalence statistics, as the last Scottish Health Survey was conducted in 2003.

Results of the Scottish Household Survey 2007 were made available in August 2008 and they show that:

smoking is most common among 16-24 year old men (33%) and this is also the age group where there is the largest difference between men and women.
smoking is more prevalent in the most deprived areas; 40% compared with 12% in the least deprived areas.
People who smoke are also less likely to report that their health is good; 44% compared with 57% of non-smokers.
24.7% of the Scottish population smoke.

Source: The Scottish Government 2008. Scottish Household Survey: Annual Report - Results from 2007. [online] Available from: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2008/08/07100738/0 [accessed 07 August 2008]

Young people

Smoking prevalence data amongst young people (13 and 15 year olds) in Scotland is collected biannually as part of the Scottish Schools Adolescent Lifestyle and Substance Use Survey (SALSUS).

15% of 15 year olds smoke regularly (at least 1 cigarette a week): 12% of boys and 18% of girls.
4% of 13 year olds smoke regularly: 3% of boys and 5% of girls.
There was an increase between 2004 and 2006 in the % reporting that they had never smoked from 39% to 47% in 15 year olds, and from 59% to 69% in 13 year olds.
82% of 15 year old regular smokers reported buying cigarettes from a shop
47% of 13 year old regular smokers reported buying cigarettes from a shop.

Dependence

49% of 15 year old regular smokers and 45% of 13 year old regular smokers reported that they wanted to give up.

Source: BMRB Social Research. 2007. Scottish Schools Adolescent Lifestyle and Substance Use Survey (SALSUS) - National Report 2006. [online]. Available from: http://www.drugmisuse.isdscotland.org/publications/abstracts/salsus_national06.htm
[accessed 11 June 2007]

Pregnant women

Statistics about the percentage of pregnant women and new mothers in Scotland that smoke, is collected when women are 3 months pregnant and at the first visit of the health visitor, when the baby is about 4 months old. These statistics are provided annually by NHS Information Services Division.

22.7% of women in Scotland are smoking when they are 3 months pregnant

Source: ISD Scotland. 2006. Smoking at booking - Scotland. [online] Available from: http://www.isdscotland.org/isd/files/mat_bb_Smoking%20at%20Booking.xls [accessed 27 July 2006]

Socioeconomic status

Both the Scottish Household Survey and the Scottish Health Survey gather information on socioeconomic status of smokers in Scotland. The Scottish Health Survey was conducted in 1995, 1998 and 2003 and provides several indicators of socioeconomic status including; socio-economic classification (NS-SEC), household income and the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD). Smoking prevalence by household income quintile is available below:

51% of men and 45% of women in the lowest household income quintile in Scotland smoke
15% of men and 13% of women in the highest household income quintile in Scotland smoke.

Source: The Scottish Executive. 2005. Scottish health survey - 2003 results. [online] Available from: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2005/11/25145024/50251
[accessed 10 January 2006]

According to the Scottish Household Survey 2007:

The proportion of adults who smoke declines steadily as deprivation declines, from 43% in the most deprived 10% of areas to just 12% in the least deprived 10%.

Health board

The Scottish Health Survey also lists smoking prevalence by health board, details of the boards with the highest and lowest smoking rates are below.

35% of adults in Greater Glasgow are current smokers (highest)
23% of adults in Lothian and Highland are current smokers (lowest)

Source: The Scottish Executive. 2005. Scottish health survey - 2003 results [online] Available from: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2005/11/25145024/50251
[accessed 10 January 2006]

Local authority

The Scottish Household Survey details smoking prevalence by Local Authority area, details of the Local Authorities with the highest and lowest smoking rates in 2005 are below.

32% of adults in North Lanarkshire are current smokers (highest)
20% of adults in Grampian are current smokers (lowest)

Source: The Scottish Executive 2006. Scotland's people: results from the 2005 Scottish household survey: annual report [online] Available from:
http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/140387/0034518.pdf [accessed 3 August 2006]

Quit rates

NHS Smoking Cessation Service Statistics (Scotland) 1st January to 31st December 2007 This is the second annual release of statistics from the national monitoring of NHS smoking cessation services. The report provides an analysis of quit attempts made, and quit outcomes, during the 2007 calendar year. Care should be taken in making direct comparisons between NHS board areas. Differences in the types of services provided, under-recording of data and differences in the proportion of cases lost to follow-up all contribute to variations in findings across board areas.

Information is taken from the agreed national minimum dataset for smoking cessation services (developed by PATH, part of ASH Scotland ) and is based on 'quit attempts' made during the year. The primary data source is the National Smoking Cessation Database, established by ISD Scotland in July 2005.
Findings include:

41,424 quit attempts made during 2007 (46,466 in 2006)
January was the busiest month for services
an estimated 3.9% of smokers in Scotland made a quit attempt with an NHS smoking cessation service during 2007
at 1 month follow-up - 37% had quit; 37% were still smoking and 25% were lost to follow-up/smoking status unknown
by 3 month follow-up the Scotland quit rate was 19%
there is wide variation in numbers of quit attempts made and quit outcomes across NHS boards. Reasons for this are explored in the report.

Deaths from smoking-related diseases

The General Register Office of Scotland (GRO) publishes mortality statistics each year, which detail the diseases that people die from. Some diseases are strongly associated with smokers and information on them is listed below:

Chronic Obstructive and Lower Respiratory Diseases (excluding asthma)

In 2004, 1,403 men and 1,504 women in Scotland died from these diseases

Source: General Register Office (Scotland). 2005. Deaths, by sex and cause, Scotland 1994-2004 [online] Available from: http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/files/04t6-1.xls [accessed 22 September 2005]

Lung cancer

In 2005, 2151 men and 1,772 women in Scotland died from lung cancer

Source: General Register Office (Scotland). 2005. Deaths, by sex and cause, Scotland 1994-2004. Cited in: ISD Scotland. 2005. Cancer of the trachae, bronchus and lung: mortality. [online] Available from:
http://www.isdscotland.org/isd/files/cancer_lung_mort_m.xls [accessed 22 September 2005]

Ischaemic heart disease

In 2004, 5,814 men and 4,964 women in Scotland died from ischaemic heart disease

Source: General Register Office (Scotland). 2005. Deaths, by sex and cause, Scotland 1994-2004 [online] Available from: http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/files/04t6-1.xls [accessed 22 September 2005]

Measuring success of Scottish legislation

Public opinion

The Scottish Executive commissioned MRUK to conduct a series of opinion surveys preceding and following the implementation of the smoke-free legislation. The latest survey was conducted in May 2006.

73% of people surveyed in Scotland in May 2006 thought the legislation was successful or very successful

Source: Scottish Executive. 2006. Opinion surveys [online] Clearing the Air Scotland Available from: http://www.clearingtheairscotland.com/research/opinion-survey.html [accessed 12 July 2006]

Compliance rates

The Scottish Executive collate returns from local authorities in Scotland to monitor compliance with the Smoke-Free legislation

The latest summary of National Compliance Data is available from: http://www.clearingtheairscotland.com/latest/index.html

Economic Issues (including fires)

Consumer spending

Information on tobacco spending is provided by the UK Office for National Statistics.

The average Scottish family spends £39.60 on food, £6.90 on cigarettes and £6.70 on alcoholic drinks every week.

Source: Office for National Statistics. 2007. Family spending: 2006 edition. [online] London: Palgrave Macmillan. Available from: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_social/Family_Spending_2005-06/Familyspending2005-06.pdf [accessed 3 May 2007]

Consumer spending on tobacco products in 2009 amounted to an estimated £13.4 billion, around 90% of this on cigarettes.
RRP on a pack of 20 cigarettes in 2010 is £6.29

Source: Tobacco Manufacturers Association. 2010. UK Tobacco Market Summary. [online] Available from: www.the-tma.org.uk/tma-publications-research/facts-figures/uk-tobacco-market-summary/ [accessed 07 July 2010]

Tobacco taxes

Information on tobacco-paid duty is available from the UK Treasury and is published annually. The Tobacco Manufacturers Association also publishes this information on its website.

Tax revenue from tobacco in 2009/10 amounted to an estimated £10.5 billion £8.8 billion in excise duty plus £1.7 billion in VAT.

The UK Treasury earned £8.0 billion in revenue from tobacco tax for the financial year 2005-06.

Source: HM Treasury. 2006. Budget 2006: a strong and strengthening economy: investing in Britain's future [online] London: The Stationary Office. p.270. Available from: http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/media/26E/0F/bud06_completereport_2320.pdf [accessed 12 July 2006]

In the UK, tobacco smuggling costs £2.9 billion each year.

Source: HM Treasury. 2006. New responses to new challenges: reinforcing the tackling tobacco smuggling strategy [online] Available from: http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/budget/budget_06/other_documents/bud_bud06_odtobacco.cfm [accessed 15 April 2008]

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Fires

SCOTLAND
Of the 35 fatal casualties in accidental dwellings fires, the most common main source of
ignition was smokers materials and matches which was the source in 10 fatalities (down
from 28 in 2005). Smokers' materials were also the cause of 193 non-fatal casualties.
Source: Scottish Government. 2008. Statistical bulletin, crime and justice series: fire statistics Scotland, 2006 [online] Edinburgh: Scottish Government. Available from: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/221249/0059496.pdf [accessed 09 June 2010]

UK
Smokers materials (i.e. cigarettes, cigars or pipe tobacco) were the
most frequent source of ignition causing accidental dwelling fire deaths,
accounting for over a third of all accidental dwelling fire deaths in 2007. For
every 1,000 accidental dwelling fires (where smokers materials were the
source of ignition), 33 people were killed in 2007. Since 1997, such deaths
were becoming increasingly less common and there was a downward trend
in the figures. In 2007 however, the number of these deaths rose for the first
time in a decade. There were 1,047 non-fatal casualties.
Source: 2008. Fire statistics, United Kingdom, 2007 [online]: Department for Communities and Local Government. Available from: http://www.communities.gov.uk/publications/corporate/statistics/firestatisticsuk2007
[accessed 09 June 2010]

Tobacco In Scotland
Targets for smoking reduction in Scotland
ASH Scotland information relating to HEAT targets and local authority targets for reductions in smoking in Scotland

ASH Scotland works in partnership with other organisations to deliver Tobacco Information Scotland.

Tobacco Information Scotland is funded by the British Heart Foundation and the Scottish Executive.